Adjectives are used ro give us more information about nouns.
A green chair. - Green is an adjective, it gives us more information about the noun, chair.
Adjectives are also used to modify pronouns. For example, It's the green one. Here the pronoun is 'one'.
We have to be careful when nouns are used in place of adjectives to give us more information about a noun. Compare these three sentences:
Read through this short text. There are six mistakes. Can you find them? Write your answers in the comments section. Click on 'show answers' to find out.
"During the week my alarm clock goes out at 7am. I wake up, have a quick shower, dry my hairs and get dressed.
I get in the bus at 7:45. Its usually quiet so I can get a seat. Work starts at 9am but I like to arrive early. The first thing I do is take myself a cup of coffee and start reading my emails.
We'll make a decision after the meeting.
Here we have two actions, both are in the future.
Make a decision
Have a meeting
Which of these will happen first?
The meeting will be first and then the decision will be made.
I lived in India before I met your mother.
Here we have two past events:
Meeting your mother
Living in India
Last night I chose what movie we watched; today you choose the movie.
Chose is the past simple tense of choose.
The river is starting to freeze. Do you remember when it froze last year?
Freeze is the simple tense form of the verb. Froze is the past simple tense.
Subordinating conjunctions are conjunctions that are used at the beginning of subordinate clauses.
Some examples of these conjunctions are; although, after, before, because, how, if, once, since, so that, until, unless, when etc.
Here are examples of their use;
A conjunction joins words or groups of words in a sentence.
There are three types of conjunctions, today we look at two, coordinating and correlative.
1 Coordinating conjunctions – these connect words, phrases or clauses that are independent or equal; and, but, so, for, yet, not.
2 Correlative conjunctions – these are always used in pairs; both/and, either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also
With
'With' is used to mean 'together' or to show involvement
I was with a friend when I met Sandy.
He worked with his brother in their restaurant.
He ordered champagne with his meal.
Why don't you come shopping with me?
The use of Capital letters helps readers read a text without confusion.
Here are the rules for capital letters. Use a capital letter in the following:
The first word in a sentence:
My sister lives in England.
The pronoun 'I':
Summer is the season I like best.
The words a, an and the are types of adjectives called articles.
A and an are called indefinite articles.
A is used before singular count nouns.
A car, a book, a child, a holiday
An is used with count nouns beginning with a vowel sound.
An apple, an elephant and notice; an hour but a European. ( the 'h' in hour is silent. The 'e' in European is not a vowel sound)
A conjunctive adverb is a word that connects two clauses to make them one sentence. These adverbs make the sentence shorter.
When you use a conjunctive adverb, put a comma (,) after it. You can also use a semicolon (;).
The weather was not very good on our last holiday in Sweden; however, we still had a good time.
These are some conjunctive adverbs: also, besides, consequently, finally, however, indeed, instead, meanwhile, next, still, then etc.