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Grammar

Past Perfect Tense

Average: 4.4 (45 votes)

Use the past perfect tense when referring to actions in the past that happened before another event in the past. It is used to talk about the past in the past.

I checked with the bank and they still hadn't received payment.

Subject + had + past participle

I had driven to work before you woke up.

We had gone before she arrived.

She had eaten breakfast.

Had you finished?

Had he taken you home?

Hard and Hardly

Average: 4.3 (32 votes)

Hard

Hard (adjective)

When something is difficult to understand or do, it is hard.

These questions are too hard for me.
Learning another language is hard.
She was given a hard task.
I'm tired. I've been working hard all day.

Hard (ajective)

When something is solid, firm and difficult to break or bend.

Make sentense of following words . . .

Safely=
quitely=
scarf=
shy=
hero=
lifted=
woods=
several=
slipped=

Using Unless

Average: 3.6 (110 votes)

Unless means if not. We use it in conditional sentences instead of if not.

Unless can be used with present, past and past perfect tenses. Use unless with present tenses when talking about the future.

Present

You will damage your health unless you stop smoking. = you will damage your health if you do not stop smoking.

WHEN / WHILE / UNLESS & UNTIL

Please explain the nature of these words. " when / while / unless / until.

A little and a few

Average: 4.2 (44 votes)

We use a little and a few to talk about the amount of something. To understand which term to use, you must understand uncountable nouns and plural nouns.

A little

A little is used with singular non-countable nouns i.e. rain, traffic, love.

a little + uncountable noun

There's a little food left on the plate.

I put a little money into the envelope.

Who, which and that

Average: 4.1 (48 votes)

Who

Who is used for people. In casual English that can be used.

The boy who sang.
Only men who are wearing neckties are allowed to enter.
She's the one who won the prize.

Which and that

Which and that are used for things and groups.

The Passive Voice

Average: 3.9 (38 votes)

When we want to focus on the object of a sentence instead of the subject, we use the passive voice.

Compare these two sentences:

John painted the picture. - The focus here is on John, he is the subject of the sentence.

The picture was painted by John. - The focus is on the picture, it is the object of the sentence.

If I were / If I was

Average: 3.6 (223 votes)

Take a look at the two following sentences. Why do we use were in the first sentence and was in the second.

If I were rich, I would buy you a car.

If she was feeling sick, it's good that she went home.

Explanation

If I were rich...<-- I am not rich, but I imagining what I would do if I were.

Difference between "cultural sociology" and "sociology of culture"

Hello What are the differences between "cultural sociology" and "sociology of culture"?
Thank you very much for your help.
SM